Ledentsov Khristofor Semenovich Biography

The moral wealth of the people is calculated by the monuments of acts for the general good of Klyuchevsky Born Christofor Semenovich Ledenov in the year in the family of the Vologda merchant of the first guild, this merchant clan is rooted in the Peter's era. He received education at the Vologda Gymnasium and at the Moscow Practical Academy of Commercial Sciences, which he graduated with a commendable sheet in the year.

His father, Semyon Alekseevich, an educated, entrepreneurial man, owned the land under Vologda, distilled plants, had profitable houses in St. Petersburg and Vologda, estates in rawies, on a gathering and near Zvenigorod. Having increased the property of the family with his labor, the son became one of the richest representatives of the Russian merchant class. The energetic, talented, well -educated knew eight languages, attended classes in Cambridge, H.

Ledensov in his youth traveled a lot in Europe, studying the organization of various industries. His personal library totaled several thousand volumes of scientific and technical literature - a vivid testimony of his love for science and technical knowledge. This love was transmitted to his children, sons of Christopher and Maximilian, who graduated from the Imperial Moscow Technical School.

Meanwhile, the family of Christopher Semenovich did not know luxury, her needs were simple and reasonable. But at the same time, on the charity of the candies, without stinging, he spent considerable funds. It began in Vologda when he became a member of the Society of Assembly to the needy students of the Vologda gymnasium. And after he was elected the mayor, he proposed to establish the first city pawnshop in Russia with the layers, the city’s poor and the peasants nearby districts of the counties became mainly.

As the main capital of the Lombard opened in the year, Lomentsov introduced his salary received by him during the service of the Vologda head - more than six thousand rubles. At his own funds in Vologda, an almshouse for the elderly is organized. In the middle of the x, the family moves to Moscow. Here, H. Ledenstsov’s charitable activity receives a new direction. Among the people of his circle, he is distinguished by a special, reverent attitude to Russian science, he dreams of its prosperity.

But what kind of prime one can be discussed when the creative work of Russian scientists, engineers, and inventors were not sufficiently sufficiently ensured. Increasingly, Christopher Semenovich is visited by the idea that he "must serve their work." And he takes the first step along this path - becomes one of the initiators of the creation of the Museum of Promotion of Labor, which will help promote inventions that facilitate labor -intensive operations.

In the year, at the Moscow branch of the Imperial Russian Technical Society, such a museum appeared Ledenetsov transferred 50 thousand rubles for these purposes. Having become an honorary member and chairman of the board of society, he comes closer to the professors S. Fedorov, N. Tradov, K. Timiryazev, N. Bugaev, M. Kovalevsky and others. And he decides to allocate part of the funds from his income to support the discoveries and inventions of Russian researchers.

But how to determine the value of the study, its independence, novelty, relevance? In what form should a reasonable help mechanism work? It is then that the idea arises to create a society that X. Ledsov calls somewhat old -fashioned: "Society for the promotion of the successes of experienced sciences and their practical applications." The philosophy of society, the goals and objectives facing him completely reflects the motto of its creator - “Science.

Back in April, Christophor Semenovich writes in a note entitled“ Something like a will ”:“ I would want a society to be organized no later than three years after my death, if by that time I was not looking for a matter that should affect the root of human well -being. ” To organize at the Imperial Moscow Technical School, his charter together with H. Ledensov was thought out by the largest scientists of that time: Professor A.

Tikhomirov, the rector of the Moscow University, N. Fedorov, Director of the Moscow Technical School and N. Umov, the President of the Moscow Society of Nature Testing. Semenovich was gone, he continued the work of creating society, developing the plans of its founder. Only on February 24, the Minister of Education approved the Charter of the Company. Ledenstsov did not live up to this day.

According to the spiritual will, compiled four years before his death, all its movable and immovable property passed into the ownership of the Moscow University and the Moscow Technical School, and after the implementation and appeal of state or government guaranteed papers, a special fund of its name was organized. Ledenetsov donated significant capital - more than a million rubles, the annual income from which he entered the purpose of society.The will indicated that the benefits from the fund should be provided first of all to those discoveries and inventions that, with the lowest cost of capital, could bring as possible for the majority of the population, and these benefits should contribute to the implementation of the mentioned discoveries and inventions, and not follow them in the form of premiums, subsidies, medals and the like in Moscow, in the premises of the Polytechnic Society, a small Kharitonievsky Lane, on May 17 of the same year, the Council was elected at the First Organizational Assembly.

He included: Honored Professor S. Fedorov Chairman, Honored Professor N. Umov Comrade Chairman, Rector of Moscow University A. Manuilov, as well as university professor P. Lebedev, I. Kablukov, A. Pavlov, professor of the Moscow Technical School A. Gavrilenko, P. Petrov, Y. Nikitinsky and V. Council was elected a general meeting for three years. And only his chairman remained permanent.

Such outstanding scientists as D. Anuchin, A. Bochvar, V. Vernadsky, V. Zelrykin, N. Zelinsky, K. Krug, P. Lazarev, V. Pryanishnik OV, S. Chaplygin, A. Chichibabin, L. Zhukovsky, I. Zhukovsky, I. Zhuknikov, K. I hope the reader will forgive this dry list were chosen among the actual members of the society. But the names of vivid representatives of Russian pre -revolutionary science, who supported and directed the work of Lypentsi society with their labor, say a lot.

The charter noted that "real members could be: and persons who declared themselves works in the field of natural science and technology, B, are known for their technical and industrial activities." No less well -known scientists became the corresponding members of the society - V. Goryachkin, P. Velikhov, V. Williams, A. Rossolimo and others. Representatives of business circles also included the director of the South Factory N.

Alyanchikov, the chairman of the Moscow Exchange Committee, Krestovnikov, director of the Board of the Bogorod -Glukhov manufactory N. Morozov and P. Morozov, director of the Novokostrom Partnership S. Tretyakov, director of the board of the Moscow Metal Plant Yu. Guzhon, as well as representatives of humanitarian science. P. Novgorodtsev, M. Lubavsky, engineers, teachers of higher schools.

From the very beginning, expert commissions organized in the areas of science began work. They were led by P. Lebedev Electrical Engineering, Kinematics, N. Zhukovsky air swimming, I.