Biography Apollo Nikolaevich

The Encyclopedia Maikov, Apollo Nikolaevich was born on June 4, his father - Nikolai Apollonovich Maikov - painter, academician of the Imperial Academy of Arts, mother - Evgenia Petrovna nee Gusyatnikova, was a writer and poetess, mistress of a literary salon. Grandfather - Apollo Aleksandrovich Maykov - served as the director of imperial theaters. In the summer of G., Nikolai and Evgenia Maykov, the fifth child was born - Leonid for older children - Apollo and Valerian - parents chose home studies.

The teachers of the boys were a famous writer, journalist Vladimir Solonitsyn and novice writer Ivan Goncharov, future author of the novels "Ordinary History", "Oblomov", "Cliff". Apollo Maikov studied the seven -year gymnasium course in three years and in G. graduated from the university in the city in his youth under the influence of his father Apollo Maykov began to engage in painting, but later decided to devote himself to literary activity.

His first collection of “Poems”, which mainly included anthological verses created in the spirit of ancient Greek poetry, received an approving review of the famous critic of Vissarion Belinsky. One of the works included in the collection - the poem "Dream" - the critic gave a positive review in the city of Maykov's first book was marked by the manual from Emperor Nicholas I in the amount of a thousand rubles.

At these funds, the poet went on a trip to Europe, which lasted almost two years. He spent most of his time in Italy, also visited Paris, where, together with his brother Valerian, he listened to lectures on visual arts and literature, Dresden and Prague. He returned to St. Petersburg in the city of impressions of the trip later entered the collection of "Essays on Rome", which was returning to St.

Petersburg, Apollo Maykov became an assistant librarian in the Rumyantsevsky Museum in the city of defending his thesis "On the original nature of the laws according to Slavic law's springs." The poems of Apollo Maykov brought him popularity, he became a member of literary salons, closely converged with Vissarion Belinsky, Nikolai Nekrasov, Ivan Turgenev, and other writers. He collaborated with the magazines "Contemporary" and "Domestic Notes".

The brother of Apollo Maikova Valerian, publicist and literary critic, entered the socialist circle organized by Mikhail Butashevich-Petrashevsky. The influence of the Petrashevites also affected the work of the poet: in the second half of the xg. In the city of Apollo Maykov, an unspoken police supervision was installed, but he escaped his arrest. After the verdict issued to the participants of the circle, Makov abandoned liberal glances.

A few years later, he was raised to the senior censor, he was in charge of one of the three branches of the committee. From G. headed him until the end of his life. In the x Apollo Maykov began to cooperate with the editors of the Moskvityan magazine Mikhail Pogodin, the poet's views became more conservative. He became interested in the ideas of Slavophilism and Pan Slavs, opposed the influence of Western European culture.

With the latter, he also worked in the Committee of Foreign Censorship in the city of Tyutchev headed the committee. He dedicated him the poem "Wanderer" Apollo Maykov was elected a member of the Academy of Sciences in the separation of the Russian language and literature. In the same year he wrote the historical poem "Clermont Cathedral" about the historical role of Russia in protecting Europe from the invasion of nomads.

During the Crimean war, he published a small patriotic collection of poems "Year", ambiguously perceived by critics due to the pronounced monarchist position of the author, the poem "Stroller". During his second foreign trip, he visited South Italy, which he later described in the series "New Greek songs" and "Neapolitan album". In e gg. Throughout his literary activity, Apollo Maykov wrote many diverse works - poems, lyrical poems, elegy, songs, translations, etc.

The poem “Sentence”, the poem “At the Grozny Combat”, “Strelets Tales of the Princess Sofya Alekseevna”, “Who is he? The first frame”, “Summer rain”, “Summer rain,” “Swallows”, “The Steel of the Steel, many of his poems were laid to the music by Nikolai Rimsky-Korsakov, Peter Tchaikovsky and other composers. Philosopher, literary critic Vladimir Solovyov called Maikov“ one of the main [Russian] poets of the after-Pushkin period.

”He was engaged in the study and shift of the folk poetic work of Belarus, Greece, Serbia and others. The poet devoted several years to this work. The first reading of the "Word" took place on October 13. It is considered one of the most successful in Russian literature of the 19th century and close to the original. Five years later, Makov also made the processing of one of the legends of the Ipatiev Chronicle - "Eshman".

The poet himself considered the main work of his life the lyrical drama "Two Worlds", in which he contrasted ancient paganism and early Christianity. For this work in Apollo Maikov, he was awarded a prestigious literary award - the Pushkin Prize established by the St. Petersburg Academy of Sciences in Apollo Maikov was promoted to real state advisers.He was a member of the Special Department of the Scientist of the Ministry of Education on the consideration of books published for folk reading.

He was in the Council of the Russian Literary Society, was an honorary member of the permanent commission for the construction of folk readings in St. Petersburg and its environs and others Maikova "In three volumes, six lifetime publications, the latter - G. At the end of February, Apollo Maikov fell ill with pneumonia. He was buried in the cemetery of the Voskresensky Novodevichy Monastery in St.

Petersburg. The poet was the wife of Anna Ivanovna, a nee scrap, a Russian German Lutheran religion. They met in the city in the family four children were born: three sons - Nikolai Rod. In the village of Siversky, the Gatchinsky district of the Leningrad region, where the poet was located, the Literary Museum of Apollo Maykov was opened, the library of his name is operating.