Oyun of the course of the biography

Try the literature selection service. You can always turn off the advertisement. But he stayed as the head of the party for a short period of time, over a year, Because of the Mistakes He Made, the Hostile Attitude of HIM, as well as the ambigouus Attitude of Fellow Party Members and Members of the Government. Dorzhu, O. Oyun Tuvan State University, Kyzyl is devoted to the life and activities of one of the active participants in the national liberation struggle of the Tuvan Arata against the Sino-Manchu enslavers, the defender of the Arata from local feudal lords, the organizer of the First Political Party in Tuva-Oyun of Study.

It is noted that in the summer of the year in the Eleg's sumon of the Ounnar Hoshun, the son of Arat created a group, which was organizationally designed in the People's Rules Party. However, at the head of the party, he stayed only a little over a year because of the mistakes made by him, the hostile attitude to him of the former feudal lords, as well as because of the ambiguous attitude of the one-party members and members of the government.

And in historical literature, the personality of the founder of the Tuvan folk revolutionary party of TNRP occupies a more than modest place. So it happened: Cenden Oglu left the trace in the history of Tuva as a fighter for the bright future of the Tuvan people. This was facilitated by his indefatigable energy, endurance, hard work, curiosity. From childhood, his leadership qualities appeared, helping adults on the household, when a pass of sheep or in rare minutes, playing with peers, made decisions on his own, acted confidently, was not afraid to take risks.

His indefatigable character was especially manifested during his studies in the Buddhist Monastery - Huree, where Sayyn -Belek was given to education after the death of his father. Even as a teenager, he could not come to terms with the hard foundations of the monastery and, having learned Tibetan literacy, left there. Then he changed his name on the course [7, p. Knowledge of the letter was very useful to the teenager, he was taken by the assistant Chinese merchant, but it was unbearable to see how they were mocking the poor and exploiting their work with impunity.

And when in the years of the Tuvan Arata rose to the national liberation struggle against the yoke of the Manchu Qing Dynasty, which lasted one and a half centuries, he became an active participant. During the storm of the Kobdo fortress - the last stronghold of Manchu in North -Western Mongolia and Tuva in August, the year was seriously wounded. The All -Tuvinsky Uredit Khural, held in August, proclaimed the independence of the Tuvan people, declared Tuva an independent state, adopted the Constitution.

Meetings with the Bolshevik workers of Belotsarsk was called Kyzyl up to a year from the moment of its founding in the year strengthened the confidence of the course in the need for a revolutionary organization, which would protect Aratov from feudal lords. Before the formation of the Tuvan People's Republic of Gg. In the summer of the year, in the Eleg’s sumon, the Oyunnar Hoshun, revolutionary Arata, united in a group headed by Oyun, Rostedi.

Members of this group, later called the “Ugudar Yaama” “Agitation Bureau”, set themselves the goal of organizing the People's Aurialial Party [2, p. Along with Elegestinsky, another agitburo was formed in Turan, led by Mongush Nimazhap, a native of a rich Bayan family of Aiyzhya, for his time of an educated person. This group was dominated by feudal elements, possessing human and material resources, striving to seize the leadership in the future party and subjugate the national movement.

The emergence and formation of state authorities of the TNR went in a complex contradictory atmosphere, primarily associated with the political and economic dependence of the new Tuvan authority from Soviet Russia, where workers and peasants were established. According to Soviet leaders, the dictatorship of labor aratism was most suitable for the TNR, but in reality, due to the mass illiteracy of the majority of the population, representatives of the former ruling elite continued to play a key role in the life of the country [1, p.

Oyun of Rostedi with their like -minded people carried out great preparatory work, which allowed ISSN to call the first meeting of members of the two agitburo. During the meeting, it was decided to create the Tuvan People's Avenues, the Organizational Bureau for the preparation of the Constituent Congress of the Party. The agitators traveled to the khoshuns in order to explain the main tasks of the created organization as strengthening the revolutionary power, friendship with Soviet Russia, the struggle with enemies of popular power, and improving the life of the Arata masses.

The first congress took place on February 28 - March 1, more than 40 delegates participated in its work. From the very beginning of the TNRP, formed with the active participation of local Bolsheviks, led the entire organizational and mass-political work in the country.However, duplication of the functions of state bodies with party work, the absence of clear goals and objectives of the TNRP in the Charter of the TNRP and the mandatory participation of party members in party work, uncertainty, who can be a member of the party, the activities of the hostile forces that sank into the leadership of the party and the government led to the fact that in the March of the year the Central Committee of the TNRP, the TNRP Central Committee.

Oyun Rostedi and his group, disagreing with such a decision, with the help of the Rybureo RCP B, launched a struggle to restore the activities of the Central Committee, for the convocation of the II Congress, for attracting the poor people, the former “Kholechik”, which in Tuvinsky means “servant”, “mob”. Despite the difficulties and obstacles from representatives of the Western Khoshunov, the Oyunnar party members carried out a tremendous work to attract the Poles of the Poor, the former “cholechik”, which, translated from Tuvinsky, means “servant”, “mob”.

With the support of the Reburean and his secretary Ya. Chugunov, a commission was created, together with the TNR government, to convene a new party congress. The congress condemned the dissolution of the Central Committee and recognized this and Nimazhap that “the previous Central Committee was elected a small group, almost without the participation of the population, therefore it was excited as not authoritative and not representing broad masses” [5, F.

did not differ in activity by the Central Committee themselves, which, in particular, was recognized in his speech by a member of the Sarba Central Committee: “I was not taking part in the work of the Central Committee, since I was oppressed by the same as I was oppressed by the same Lopsan-Operator ”[5, F. II Congress of the Tannu-Tuvin People's Roovolutionary Party adopted the resolution“ On the goals and objectives of the party ”, which stated about the protection of the political rights and economic interests of the poorest population, the active participation of all members of the party in public and state life, raising the cultural level of the population, compulsory medical care at the expense of the state of the poorest.

countries. Having heard the reports of the government and some ministries, the congress elected a new composition of the Central Committee, the chairman of which was Oyun of Study. The congress also decided to provide material assistance to the “wife and children of the murdered agitator of the Churzhaapai party, issuing them to them: 11 pieces, tea 18 bricks, Yufta 1 piece, torment of 15 pounds, one cow with a calf, about which to report to the government for execution [5, F.

This testified that the creation of the party, preparation for the congress, did not just go on. A stubborn struggle with opponents who prevented the arrival of the hoshun delegates to disrupt the work of the congress. According to archival documents, the previous Central Committee did not manage to solve the tasks of creating a revolutionary organization.

The recovery congress also took place thanks to the incredible efforts of the group of the Oyunnar Partyers, led by Rostedi. The newly elected Central Committee for the year managed to significantly increase the number of party members: from a person up to 6 thousand. To replenish the ranks of the party, instructors were sent to each Khoshun, who for 17 days carried out explanatory work among the population, while "rebels and not recognizing the ideas of the party, could not be accepted into the party." So, in the issue of “providing poor arats by plows, seeds”, it was decided to oblige the Ministry of Finance “to purchase plows and seeds and distribute them to poor and low -power Aratam, to help them during the plowing of horses and bulls.” The issues of the formation of the population did not stand aside.

In October, at a meeting of the Central Committee, the issue “On Youth Teaching” was considered, it was decided to “teach young people to literacy in the Khoshuns themselves, to call them to the school under the government to teach Russian and Mongolian literacy.” The folk revolutionary party also held purposeful activities in the interests of the woman. The first constitution of the TNR adopted in this was the public equality of women, but in the first years of TNR, women could not use all the rights in real life due to illiteracy, it was required to break the breaking of the traditional-patriarchal view of the place of women and society that were rooted in the traditions of the people.

The versatility of the issues under consideration is confirmed by such an example related to the organization of cattle census, the establishment of a dull underwater-power duties, which trivted to represent the carts to those who have horses more heads. Persons with less horses were exempted from a dull service. This is also evidenced by the fact that "the chairman of the Central Committee of the Party, his deputies, members and clerks of the Central Committee received the same salary as officials and clerks of the government." The instructors traveling on a business trip received per daily in the amount of 1 one lan per day.

All types of allowance and necessary accessories for work were issued from the state treasury. By the end of the year, in addition to the salary, expenses for stationery and others were additionally carried out by the Party Central Committee in the amount of Lan ”[5, F., in order to strengthen the authorities in the field and overcome the resistance of the old bureaucratic circles“ for the first time, elections were held in the hosugan administration.During this election campaign, the party managed to send authoritative labor arata to work in the authorities ”[8, p.

The Central Committee has become a regularly current body, guiding and controlling the activities of party organizations and government. At the proposal of the Central Committee of the TNRP, “I Great Khural TNR, which took place from September 20 to October 1, in accordance with the directives of the II party congress, canceled all feudal privileges, adopted a resolution on the new administrative division of the country by territorial-geographical attribute instead of the previous feudal destinations, approved the first budget of the republic” [8, p.

All the fundamental decisions and actions of the party to strengthen the national authorities in Tuva, the rallying of the party ranks were carried out under the leadership of Oyun of Study. His active policy, aimed at closely cooperation with the Russians, the abolition of feudal privileges, caused the discontent of the feudal lords, and in March spilled into rebellion on the Hemchik.

To suppress it, a person from among the party-Revsomolsky composition were mobilized, one of the detachments was headed by the chairman of the Central Committee of the Oyun Rostyed [6, despite the difficulty of the situation, the actions of the course were mainly correct, none of the rebels underwent repression, but still, along with feudal lords and bays, Arata, which were not by their own will, were involved in rebellion.

Continuing to actively participate in the party, during a business trip to Khoshun, his life suddenly ended. Died from the disease of the stomach, it listed in the documents of the party, but what exactly became the cause, poisoning or chronic disease, was not noted. So, under unclear circumstances in the prime of strength, the founder of the first party of Tuva passed away.

Oyun of the course of Kenden Oglu - no documents have been preserved about the life of Oyun of Study. There are only the memoirs of his contemporaries about the strength of the spirit, determination, about the devotion of the party, as well as mentioning, requiring further study, that Oyun of Study had grown two sons-Oyun Chamza Zaklu Sayyn-Belek and the adoptive son of Shabdyr-Syuryun Sanaevich Oun.

He died young - in April of the year - during a working business trip to one of the distant gold mines as a result of a sharp exacerbation of gastrointestinal disease. Local authorities tried to ensure social protection of the family left without a breadwinner. Starting from April 1 to January, to give his family a Aksha allowance per month. Provide the family Stepdyr-Syuryun for a free apartment in the city from January 1 of the year, Stepyr-Syuryun, to adulthood, establish a monthly allowance in the amount of 60 aksha ”[3].

Unfortunately, there is no information about his wife and his own son, therefore it is necessary to continue the further search for the descendants of the Oyun of Curder in order to fill the unknown pages of life and the activities of the founder of the first party in Tuva. The study showed that the Tuvan folk revolutionary party from the very beginning of its education played a special role in the life of the young state, as evidenced by the minutes of meetings of the Central Committee of the TNRP and the Charter, who legally confirmed that the Central Committee of the TNRP has managed the work of state bodies and public organizations through party groups, which should be in all structures, which directly testified to the leading role of the party in the case of the development and development of development and development and development and development Tuvan People's Republic.

The decisions and resolutions of the party served as a leadership to action for all authorities, the growth of party ranks testified to all the growing role and significance of the TNRP in the life of the people. The conclusion is important to note that in the conditions of a nascent state, in its most difficult and important period, the newly emerged social institutions and people who stood at the origins, which include the first party in Tuva, play a huge role.

The independent state of the TNR and Tuvin people for the first time in history gained their statehood, freedom of choice of ways of development was formed by the strong -willed effort, under the influence and control of the Soviet state. However, feudal-theocratic elements did not want to recognize the power of the majority, they tried to use the election of the main bodies of the state in class interests in order to strengthen their influence in the party and in the government.

The acquisition of political experience was a painful and contradictory process in which all layers of society participated under the leadership of the rulers of the region. Such a confrontation led Oyun of Rostedi to the conviction that since Arata power is only the power of genuine farm laborers, only farm laborers and poor should control it. As the initiator of the creation of the People’s Party, seeing the machinations of the feudal lords, the Rostedi sought to ensure that the power was not in the hands of the state, but belonged to the Central Committee of the TNRP and its leaders, so that the political party, public organizations intervened in the internal affairs of state bodies.

The idea of ​​the statehood of the TNRP, under the influence of the Comintern, included the dictatorship of the party, a one -party system, a single and mandatory state ideology for the entire population, a regime of power, based mainly on force in restoring order and in the leadership of the country. Oyun of Rostedy was a pragmatist, sincerely believed in the ideas of the Comintern, fought for their implementation in order to achieve a better future for Tuva.

During the period of the functioning of the TNRP, 12 congresses have passed. In August, she was admitted to the Comintern. AcknowledGements: The Work Was Carried Outh The Support of the Russian Science Foundation, Project No. Bibliographic List 1. Dorzhu Z. History of Tuva: in 3 volumes of Novosibirsk: science, kara-uku chole. Condition Kenden Oglu Oun. Honored people of Tuva of the XX century.

State Book of the Republic of Tuva. Kyzyl: Tuv.