Khadyzhensk biography

Khadyzhensk or in the vernacular of Khadyzha - “Ancient Dead” or not? The resumption of the name of the city of Khadyzhensk is located on the shores of the upper reaches of the Pshish River, surrounded by low -mountain relief covered with deciduous forest, in the Apheron district of the Krasnodar Territory. The Pshish River in the upper reaches of approximately the village of Lesogorskaya, located 8 km north of Khadyzhensk, is a mountain river, downstream, it goes to the Zakuban inclined plain and flows into the Kuban River, being a left -bank tributary.

The city was founded no later than G. at the station arose the village of Zheleznodorozhnikov, which is now called station. During the Great Patriotic War, the station building was destroyed, in the twentieths of the twentieth century. In the vicinity of Khadyzhensk and G. in the surrounding forest, oak and grab prevail, where forestry is being conducted, and business wood and parquet are produced in the city.

The modern city is a balneological resort, as it is known for Khadyzhensky mineral waters. The coat of arms of the city of Khadyzhensk, approved in the city of the source of the river, is located 3 km northeast of Mount Gaiman, 9 m. But on the maps of the Caucasus and the Kuban region,, gg. In the twenties of the twentieth century. Even in the book “Khadyzhensky Sources”, apparently, the river was renamed in the middle of the twentieth century.

Hydrimus carcasses, has Adyghe origin. You can read about toponyms with the basis of TUS on this site in the essay “From the history of Toponym Tuapse. What does it mean? A fragment of the map of the part of the Western Caucasus to describe the expedition to the land of Hakuchi in the GG. In the nineteenth century. Between the mouths of the river Khadazhek Tusheps and Khadzhka Khadyzhi, slightly lower than the Pshish river or north of the village of Khadyzhenskaya, there was a fortification of Khadizhi, the village built in the spring of the city was founded, 5 km south of the fortification.

On the map of G., at the origins of the river, the old khadyshka on the maps indicates the tract of the Khadyzhenskaya site, with the maximum absolute height, 2 m. It should be assumed that the name of the village of Khadizheskaya is formed from the name of the fortification. The author of these lines earlier in the publications [9, 10, 11], gave information that the city supposedly received a name from the river Hadage Tusheps.

This inaccuracy occurred due to the absence of old maps and the presence of literary sources of the 19th century for the period of their publication. From the river Khadyzhi, which is now called Khadzhka, is called the fortification, and the village is already named from it. Another Bol should add to the list of toponyms with the foundation of Khadizhi. Khadyzhi, apparently forgotten.

On the northern outskirts of the working village of Khadyzhensky on the left bank of the Pshish River to the Ma -XX century. Gorodok, fishing lines and bypass. A fragment of a special map of European Russia G. A fragment of the map of G. Dyachkov-Tarasov A. Abadzekhi and Khatkaevs are considered the sub-ethnic groups of the Adyse. Many researchers indicate that in the Khadyzhensk region there was a sel, but there is no reliable data where it was.

Apparently, after all, the village was somewhere here, since this section of the Pshisha Valley was convenient for economic activity, and therefore living. But what did it name? Let us make the assumption that the village was called Khadyzha, but this is only an assumption. The Khadyzhenskaya G. Station on the left bank of the river was installed a camp. But in the description of the captain of Dukhovsky S., the thin ice broke in some places under the weight of man.

The crossing took place safely, only one wagon with boilers went under the ice. A day later, Pshish drove up the crossing. The village of Khadyzhenskaya has not yet been founded. The strengthening across the Pshish River indicates the bridge and the place of the detachment, apparently, the first information about the significance of the toponym Khadyzhi is given in the city of Kurgan ....

In the city, traces of soil graves are found at every step - both very ancient and later ”[5], in this transmission of the toponym a contradiction or non -accuracy is given, since the river valley is usually called the name of the river itself. Kokov K. The term Khydy Abadzekhs denote the place of watering and rest of cattle in the shadow during the heat; In the same meaning, the Adyghe literary form of the Khydage [12].

And, apparently, the word zhi means "old." The term Khydage, is given in the “Explanatory Dictionary of the Adyghe Language” [22], means a place where “at noon, at the time, when the sheep stand in the shade of trees and rest,” such a place can be called the tract. Meretukov K. is possible, and another version of the origin of the toponym from the Adyghe phrase Khydyzhyyyko, where ko is “son”, zhy - “old” and naked name, which in general can give a translation of the “son of the old hydy”, so the village could be called.

It voices two versions of its meaning: “belonging to Hidition” and “a small place where cattle are resting in the sultry afternoon” [14], here is a decreasing suffix. A fragment of the map of the scale of G. on the northern outskirts of the working village of Khadyzhensky, the village from Khadizhi perhaps, the name of Khadyzhensk comes from the Adyghe phrase Hade -Hade, where one of the meanings of the Kabardian Adyghe word Hade - “Garden” and Zhya - “Old” [20] Meaning “Old Gardens”.

So the tract could be called. This version is confirmed by literary sources, which states that in this part of the Pshish River Valley there were many Abadzekh gardens [15].The Abazinsky variant of the origin of the toponym in question, consisting of the words of Khad, is also possible - “chief” and Zhi - “blacksmith” [17], that is, the phrase of the Hada -Zhiye can mean “the main thing is likely, in the sense of the first or the best blacksmith”.

There is also an Abaza female name Khadizh, apparently comes from the Arabic word Hadij - “premature” [8], they could call the tract. Abazin versions of the education of toponym are only assumptions. It should be borne in mind that the name consists of two components of the Adyghe Khadyzhi -and Russian -NSK -NSKA. As can be seen from the above, there are several options for the translation of Toponym Khadyzhensk.

Which of the given options for the etymology of the toponym Khadizhi is correct to say the right thing. Apparently, the dialect of the language in which it was given was lost, since the locals did not have writing. Or maybe in the nineteenth century. Perhaps, after the indigenous population left the Pshish River Valley, after the end of the Caucasian War of G., therefore, the above versions of the translation requires clarifying their reliability, which can be done in existing dictionaries of the Adyghe languages.

Hadeji means "ancient dead man." In this version, apparently, the toponym consists of the Adyghe words Haade Adyghe or Kabardinskoye meaning “dead, corpse” and Zhy - “Ancient Old” [2, 6, 18, 24]. This translation option may be sought. But what does it refer to is difficult to understand-a village, a river, a tract, a peak or something else, since such a translation is contradictory. For example, it does not fit for the name of the village, and in general it is strange.

What can mean for the geographical name the phrase "ancient dead"? There is no positive answer to such a question! Sometimes this option is translated as a "village of ancient graves." This translation is a redone continuation of the previous one. This option is also not convincing the name of the name. Since KE, Bena Adyghe or Khe, KHE MASCHE Kabardinskoye mean “grave” [6, 18], and the Adyghe words kiy whose are “valley”, chyle - “village”, “grave”, passeres - “ancient” or Kabardian aus - “valley” [20] - are not included in the composition of the considered toponym.

In the dictionary of Thakakakhu Yu. It should be added that the toponym of the hadyzhi belongs to the specific place of the site of the Upper Current Valley of the Pshish River and there are not so many ancient mound graves of graves. In many valleys of Zakuban rivers there were a significant number of mound burials, various sizes and related to different historical eras from the period of the bronze and iron centuries to the Middle Ages.

Especially the mountain fate should be distinguished by the valleys of the rivers Abin, White, Pshehi and others, in comparison with them, the Pshish River Valley in the upper reaches is significantly inferior in terms of the number of mound burials. Therefore, the invented translation of the name of the section of the valley of the upper reaches of the Pshish River, as the "Valley of the village of ancient graves", is a rethinking.

Xydy-Zhy Adyghe phrase, where the term Xydy means "place of watering and rest of cattle in the shadows during the heat" [12, 24]. In the mountains, such places enjoyed fame and were important for cattle breeding, since the watering river water should have a safe, wide and gentle descent and, apparently, in the described area there was such a plot or tract. In the area of ​​strengthening Khadizhi, such a place could be on both the right and left shores of the lower reaches of the Khadyzha river now it is called Khadzhka.

Hydy-zhi translates as “Big Hyda”, where hedes are anthroponym. The versions of the origin of the toponym on behalf of their own are not convincing. Since in the dictionaries of names [19, 21], among the Abaza, Adyghe, Kabardian and Circassian names, it was not possible to find the name of Hyda, apparently this is an old or forgotten name, or a nickname. And the word is big in the Adyghe language means SHU, the same [2, 18], and on the Kabardian shoe [6].

Hade-ghosts come from the Adyghe phrase, meaning "old gardens." The gardens could be cultivated from the strengthening of the valley in the valley with the length of the km both up and downstream of the Pshish River, on both shores.