Biography of Shakespeare Russian

Latest news biography the great playwright of England of the Renaissance era, a national poet who received worldwide recognition, William Shakespeare was born in the town of Stratford, which is located north of London. In history, only information about his baptism on April 26 was preserved. The boy’s parents were John Shakespeare and Mary Arden. They were among the wealthy citizens of the city.

In addition to agriculture, the boy’s father was engaged in the manufacture of gloves, as well as small usury. He was chosen several times to the city board council, he was a constable and even mayor. According to some reports, William Shakespeare belonged to the Catholic religion, for which he was persecuted at the end of his life, which forced him to sell all his lands.

Throughout his life, he paid large amounts of the Protestant church for the non -service of the service. William's mother was nee Saxon, she belonged to an ancient respected surname. Mary gave birth to 8 children, the third of whom was William. As a child, he entered a grammatical school, where Latin and the ancient Greek language were studied. For the deeper and more complete development of ancient languages, the participation of students in school productions of plays in Latin was supposed to participate.

According to some reports, in addition to this educational institution, William Shakespeare also attended the royal school, which was also in his native town. There he had the opportunity to get acquainted with ancient Roman poetic works. Personal life at the age of 18, a young William, began an affair with the summer daughter of a neighbor Anne Hatauay, with whom they soon got married.

The reason for the hasty marriage was the girl’s pregnancy. In those days, premarital ties in England were considered the norm, marriage often passed after the conceive of the first -born. The only condition for such ties was a mandatory wedding before the birth of a child. When the daughter of Susan was born in the year of the young couple, William was happy. Throughout his life he was especially attached to her, even after birth two years, the twins of his son Hemnet and the second daughter of Judith.

William Shakespeare with his wife and children there were no more children in the poet’s family, most likely because of the second heavy births of his wife Anne. In the year of the couple of Shakespeares, he will survive a personal tragedy: during an epidemic of dysentery, their only heir will die. After William's move to London, his family remained in his native town.

Infrequently, but regularly William visited his relatives. About his personal life in London, historians build many mysteries. It is possible that the playwright lived alone. Some researchers of the poet’s biography attribute to him love relations, including with the male sex. But this information remains unproven. Unknown seven years, William Shakespeare - one of the few authors, about which the information was collected literally by bit.

There are very few direct evidence of his life. Basically, all the information about William Shakespeare was extracted from secondary sources, such as the statements of contemporaries or administrative records. Therefore, about seven years after the birth of his twins and before the first mention of his work in London, researchers are building riddles. William Shakespeare.

The only preserved lifetime portrait by Shakespeare is attributed to the service of a noble landowner as a teacher, and work in London theaters of a souffler, a worker of the stage and even a horse -drawn. But there is no truly reliable information about this period of the poet’s life. The London period of the year in the press appears a statement of the English poet Robert Green about the work of the young William.

This is the first mention of Shakespeare as an author. The aristocrat in his pamphlet tried to ridicule the young playwright, as he saw a strong competitor in him, but who was not distinguished by a noble origin and good education. At the same time, the first productions of Shakespeare's play “Henry VI” in the London Rose Theater is mentioned. An illustration for the play “Henry VI” This work was written in the spirit of the popular English chronic genre.

This type of representation was widespread in the Renaissance in England, it was epic in the nature of the narrative, scenes and paintings were often not related to each other. The chronicles were called to sing the statehood of England as opposed to feudal fragmentation and internecine wars. It is known that William has been included in the large acting community of the “servants of the Lord Camerger” since the year and soon becomes its co-founder.

The productions brought great success, and the troupe in a short time was so rich that it allowed itself to build the famous Globus Theater for the next five years. And by the year the theaterians also acquired a closed room, which was called "Blackfraiyers." Since the year, the troupe was called the "servant of the king." Shakespeare not only was engaged in writing plays, he also took an active part in the productions of his works.

In particular, information was preserved that William played the main roles in all his plays. The condition according to some evidence, in particular, about the purchases of real estate by William Shakespeare, he earned enough and was successful in financial matters.The playwright is attributed to the Rusticism. The mansion of William Shakespeare, thanks to his savings in the year, William was able to afford to buy a spacious mansion in Stratford.

In addition, Shakespeare, after death, was immediately buried in the altar of the Church of the Holy Trinity of his hometown. Such an honor was not provided to him for special merits, but for the fact that during his lifetime he paid the due amount for the place of his burial. The periods of creativity, the great playwright created an immortal treasury who has been feeding the world culture for more than five centuries in a row.

The plots of his plays were inspiration not only for artists of drama theaters, but also for many composers, as well as for filmmakers. Throughout his creative life, Shakespeare has repeatedly changed the nature of writing his works. His first plays, in their structure, often copied the genres and plots popular at that time, such as chronicles, comedies of the revival “Taming of the obstinate”, “Titus andronika tragedy”.

These were bulky works with a large number of heroes and an unnatural syllable for perception. On the forms for that time, the young Shakespeare comprehended the basics of writing drama. An illustration for the play “Romeo and Juliet” The second half of the 19th years of the XVI century was prompted by the appearance of a dramatisted in the form and content of works for the theater. The poet is looking for a new form, not moving away from the specified framework of the Renaissance comedy and tragedy.

It fills the old outstanding forms with new content. Thus, the brilliant tragedy of Romeo and Juliet, the comedy “Sleep on a Summer Night”, “Venetian merchant”, is born. The freshness of the verse in the new works of Shakespeare is combined with an unusual and memorable plot, which makes these plays popular with the public of all segments of the population. At the same time, Shakespeare creates a cycle of sonnets, the famous genre of love poetry at that time.

For almost two centuries, these poetic masterpieces of the master were forgotten, but with the emergence of romanticism, they again gained glory. In the XIX century, a fashion appeared on quoting immortal lines written at the end of the Renaissance with an English genius. William Shakespeare at work thematically represent the love messages to the unknown young man, and only the last 26 sonnets from the black -haired lady.

Many researchers see autobiographical features in this cycle, suggesting a non -traditional orientation of the playwright. But some historians are inclined to think that in these sonnets, William Shakespeare's appeal to his patron and friend Count Southampton in the form accepted by secular society is used. At the turn of the centuries in the work of William Shakespeare, works appear that made his name immortal in the history of world literature and theater.

Almost held, successful creatively and financially playwright creates a number of tragedies that brought him glory not only in England. These are the plays “Hamlet”, “Macbeth”, “King Lear”, “Othello”. These works raised the popularity of the Globe Theater to the heights of one of the most visited amusements in London. At the same time, the state of its owners, including Shakespeare, has repeatedly increased in a short period.

The illustration for the play “Othello” at the sunset of his work, Shakespeare composes a number of immortal works that surprised contemporaries with their new form. In them, the tragedy is combined with comedy, and fairy -tale plots are woven into the canvas of describing situations from everyday life. First of all, these are plays -fantasia “Storm”, “Winter Tale”, as well as dramas for ancient stories - “Coriolan”, “Anthony and Cleopatra”.

In these works, Shakespeare acted as a great expert on the laws of the drama, which easily and elegantly collects the features of the tragedy and fairy tales, a complex high syllable and understandable speech turns. Separately, many of Shakespeare's dramatic works were published during his lifetime. But the complete collected works, which included almost all the canonical plays of the playwright, appeared only in the year.

The book, consisting of 36 plays of an English author, saw a light called "First Folio." During the XVII century, three more folio were published, which came out with some changes and with the additions of previously unrelated plays. Death since the last years of his life, William Shakespeare, suffered from a serious ailment, evidence of which is his altered handwriting, he created some of the last plays with another playwright of the troupe, whose name was John Fletcher.

William Shakespeare, after a year, Shakespeare finally leaves London, but does not throw some affairs. He still manages to participate in the trial of his friend as a witness to the defense, and also acquires another mansion in the former Blackfrier's parish. For some time, William Shakespeare lives on the estate of his son -in -law John Hall. Three years before his death, William Shakespeare writes his testament, in which almost all property leaves for his eldest daughter.

The English writer died at the end of April in his own house. His wife Anne survived her husband for 7 years.The monument to William Shakespeare in Lester-Square, London in the family of the eldest daughter Susan at this point was already born the granddaughter of Genius Elizabeth, but she died childless. There were three boys in the family of Shakespeare's youngest daughter Shakespeare Judith, who married just two months after the death of his father, but they all died in their youth.

Therefore, Shakespeare did not have direct descendants. No one knows interesting facts of the exact date of the birth of William Shakespeare. In the arsenal of historians there is only a church record about the baptism of the baby, which was on April 26. Researchers suggest that the rite was performed on the third day after birth. Accordingly, the date of birth and death of the playwright was incredible on the same number - April 23.

The great English poet possessed a phenomenal memory, his knowledge could be compared with encyclopedic. In addition to owning two ancient languages, he also knew the modern dialects of France, Italy and Spain, although he himself never left the limits of the English state.