Mussolini biography on

From the family of a blacksmith, consisting in the Italian Socialist Party of Prap. He studied at the Board of the Salezians in the Faenz, then at the Carducci College in Forlimpopolia. He began to engage in political activities in G. wrote articles for socialist newspapers published in the cities of Forley and Ravenna. From G. in the city for anti -church and anti -war propaganda in the city in January - September.

In the same year, it was removed from the leadership of the magazine for an anticleric campaign deployed on its pages. Again, he was arrested in the city in prison acquired the authority of the revolutionary leader and on the pages of the press was called the Duche as a leader. At the Congress of SSP in G. in the first months after the outbreak of World War I - GG.

In November, the card from the personal file of Mussolini in the Switzerland police. In August, in February, at the end of the war, Mussolini took advantage of the moods of former front -line soldiers who had offended the “national humiliation” of Italy with allies, who actually lost its opportunity to take advantage of the fruits of victory, and tried to unite the unified union of former interventionists, nationalists, etc.

In October, G. Creating a “doctrine of fascism”, Mussolini borrowed the ideas of J. Sorel, G. Nietzsche, who carried Mussolini in the city of the “superman” of the “superman” through his whole life. During the rise in the revolutionary movement in Italy, the “Red Bucket” - the Isb, under the leadership of Mussolini, actually untied the Civil War in the country, organizing provocations and entering into armed clashes with participants in workers and peasant movements.

Over time, Mussolini began to gain the support of the ruling forces and gain popularity among those layers of the population that sought to “restore order”. In the elections of Mussolini, he was elected deputy of the parliament in the parliament in the parliament in these elections included 35 fascist deputies. The program of this organization was significantly different from the Isb program and declared the restriction of democratic freedoms.

Since the spring of the city of Mussolini, the struggle for power in the country began. In December - January Benito Mussolini turns to the crowd during the declaration of the Italian Empire on May 9 in the Palazzo Venice in Rome. Having overcome the political crisis in the country, caused by the murder of a socialist deputy J. Matteoti, who criticized the fascist movement and the formation of the Anti Bloc, Mussolini in January of the fascist trade unions granted the right to monopoly representation of the interests of workers, and after the attempt on Mussolini, committed by the summer, A.

Dzamboni On October 31, at the end of the 10th - X Mussolini actively carried out the fascist of Italian society. By a decree of September 28, the BFS was turned into a state and constitutional body. The fascist of Italy ended with the proclamation of the only political party in the city of NFP and the creation of a secret police of supervision of anti -state manifestations, a ravine, which was personally subordinated to Mussolini, and a special fascist tribunal, which persecuted persons dissatisfied with the regime, were created in January G..

Mussolini actively planted in Italian society a system of ideological, political and moral “values”, based on the unconditional recognition of his personal authority. Mussolini was simultaneously Duche NPP, Prime Minister, Minister of Internal Affairs, Minister of Foreign Affairs, Minister of Aeronautics, Minister of Corporations, Military and Naval Minister, Head of the BFS and DMNB, 1st Marshal of the Empire, Commander-in-Chief of the Italian Army C, the “Honor Academician” of the Bologna Filarmonic Academy and had a lot other posts and titles.

Mussolini’s authority contributed to the growth of relations between relations with the Holy Thron. On the basis of the fascist government concluded with the Pope, the XI Lateran Agreement of G., the goal of his foreign policy, Mussolini, proclaimed the creation of the Great Italian Empire, like Roman, for which the Mediterranean Sea would become the internal sea. A new law on military training was issued.

After the imprisonment in January, Mussolini sent Italian troops to Spain in support of General F. Franco, and in November, heading for the development of allied relations with Hitler Germany, Mussolini in March in April in April Mussolini entered into an agreement on the military and political union with A. Hitler - the “steel pact”. Italy entered the Second World War - gg.

Corruption, an increase in internal difficulties, intensified economic and political dependence on Germany, and later military failures caused the crisis of Italian fascism and the fall of the personal authority of Mussolini. During the Battle of Stalingrad - GG. Skorzeny on September 12, he headed the puppet Italian Social Republic, whose government was located in northern Italy.

The size of this republic was reduced as the Allied troops advanced. With the beginning of the April uprising, Mussolini and Petacci were captured by partisans on April 27 and shot the next day. Their bodies were delivered to Milan and suspended upside down in the main square of the city. Tokareva Evgenia Sergeevna.The first publication: a large Russian encyclopedia, published on February 7, the latest update on February 7 to contact the editors.