Gelderlin biography

In his largest work, the novel "Hyperion", Helderlin draws the ideal of a beautiful harmonious life and searches for its embodiment in ancient Greece - the homeland of his heroes. The lyrical poems of Gelderlin are imbued with deep love for nature, are distinguished by the musicality and subtle use of ancient sizes. His novel “Hyperion” is widely popular, in which romantic aesthetics are most clearly reflected.

So, the novel is dominated by idealistic ideas, romantic irony, lyrical revelation, etc. The poetic heritage of Gelderlin is distinguished by penetrating lyrism, musicality, and spirituality. Guryeva T. Gölderlin and the deification of nature Friedrich Gölderlin - he did not belong to the Society of Romantics, he was friendly with Schelling and Hegel, but his poetry carries the seal of romanticism.

His fate was tragically: half of his life - in solitude, the other half - in madness. After many years of misunderstanding, the genius of German poetry was finally recognized in it. This is the considerable merit of Heidegger, the finest interpreter of Gölderlin's work. The pure spirit of matter was disdained by the pure spirit from suffering, not giving it a report in anything, there is no peace for him, besides the spirit, nothing else.

We feel the boundaries of our own creature, and the restrained force rises impatiently against his chains, and the spirit flies back, because there is no resistance to defeat that divine voice in us. We feel without feeling others. Love for Greece, the spiritual superiority of beauty and poetry, which is commanded by an infinite-uniform, a direct sense of belonging to the universal, deification of nature, giving the beginning to both gods and people-we find all these typically romantic motives with Gölderlin.

Christian themes sound in his hymns “Laeb and Wine”, “The only”, “Patmos”, although in a strange mixing with the Greek pantheon. Gölderlin sees himself no less than a new prophet, almost John with a new apocalypse. There, the heroes grew into the cradle of a bronze, with a heart fulfilled by force, as not to become their celestials, they performed in front of us. Hyperion is a Greek from the XVTI century, he is eager to protect the independence of the Fatherland from the Turks, to revive the ancient glory of Greece, but he will be disappointed.

No one understands him, the beloved of Dyotim dies. Hyperion runs to Germany, but even there he is haunted by indifferent misunderstanding. And only in the bosom of divine nature does he find calm. In this hymn, nature is all romanticism with its orientation to nature. How long have I not noticed you! And how many times the crowd teased you, but your gods are alive and happy in silence, rest people, like rotten fruits, fall off you: let them die, return to your roots, and I, about the Tree of Life, will green your branches with young shoots!

Tenderly and trembling, for we are all the seeds and cereals of one golden ear. You, the bowels of the Earth! How old and always fresh our love! We are free, why change the ways of life? We’ll like each other, in the depths we are so similar and we, about dyotim, are not separated, tears for you are in vain how many senseless words have been thought of these strange people.

Everything comes under the influence of desire, and everything ends in the world comes from the heart and return to the heart of the vein, and everything is a single, eternal, radiant life. ” Quoted by ed. Western philosophy from the sources to the present day. Volume 4. From romanticism to the present day. Helderlin Holderlin Johann Christian Friedrich is a German poet and thinker who performed at the dawn of romanticism and, to a large extent influenced the philosophy and understanding of the essence of poetic creativity, primarily in the 20th century.

From PO, he is engaged in a branch of the university in the Tubingen Theological Seminary, where he comes closer, in particular, with Schelling and Hegel. For G. symbol of such a spiritual ancestral home for G. for the young G. Studying of scholastic treatises of G. However, the rational comprehension of the Absolute did not correspond to its nature. In his soul, he wears high poetic vocation.

He does not want to "teach about God." He wants to "speak with God" in a poetic language. Is it surprising that his poetry itself can be understood as theology, or rather, as theology, but already beyond the framework of only Christian dogma. In the city, he gets acquainted with Goethe, Goethe's formula - “Constancy in the change of Dauer IM Wechsel” He contrasts a romantic thesis - “Formation in death, through the death of Das Werden Im Vergehen”.

Schiller takes part in him, helping with the place of home teacher and publishing in the “New waist” of the Oda G. he was seen “princes of poetry” in the expression of G. here in the yen of G., however, “scandal Fichte” already in theoretical sketches of G. for seven years, with G. The name of the protagonist Hyperion means “son of the Vysho”, or “son of the sky”, which refers to the image of Apollo.

The novel consists of letters to a friend Bellarmin under this name, some researchers guess Hegel or Schelling, with whom G. The storyteller’s storyline is superimposed on the history of the liberation struggle of the Greeks.As you know, many so -called "Hellenistic romantics": Shelley and Kits, Delvig and Batyushkov, Byron, etc. However, G. Before all political freedom there is higher freedom - freedom of spirit, in which the people gain their fate; Or does not gain, having lost its way and sunk into the fly of history.

The poet speaks of the leading rule of the source in the hymn of the Rhine: "The beauty of G. now could give definitions: the whole already existed. The flower has blossomed: it remains to be exhausted into parts." As the highest unity, beautiful, in G. we break out of the peaceful “one and all” the world, to restore it through ourselves again. ”In this regard, G.'s understanding is remarkable in this connection, but in a letter to a friend Neuffer at the same time in G.

Hyperion later, in the poem“ Memory ”G. We are still far from the thought of G. only poetry, fertilized by the light of divine beauty, as if by philosophy, sets the beginning of the last and the end of the last.

Philosophy, as Minerva from the head of Jupiter, will be born from the poetry of endless divine being. " And then, with the mouths of his hero G. Believe me, the skeptic finds contradictions and shortcomings in all our thoughts because he is familiar with the harmony of impeccable beauty, which cannot be comprehended by thought. He rejects the stale bread, which he complains of his human mind, he secretly feasts with the gods.

"In his work, G. in the preface to" Hyperion "he will write:" Perhaps we all say: "About Holy Plato, forgive us! We sinned heavily in front of you! Speaking about Pantheism by Jacobi, as well as the Dutch philosopher F. Gemsterheis and the German natural philosopher and physics I. Earth is an invariably loving the sun god in the “harassed world” G. If we talk about the influence of G.

The priority of the poetic and the “sensation” of the proximity of God in G. Another basic thought of G. is unusual the posthumous fate of the poet. Disputes are still ongoing about the attitude of G. Fate G. But he is not accepted there or here. Perhaps, only in Novalis we meet with a similar depth of thought and the subtlest, barely expressed motive of Nostalgie - nostalgia for the future.

Few of the romantics were able to appreciate the universality of G. already contemporaries called his poetry "dark". According to Heidegger, the Germans and all of us still have to show their dignity when meeting with the poetic thought of G. in the final of Hyperion sounds an amazing Philippic addressed to the Germans. I cannot imagine the people more disadvantaged than the Germans