Biography of Nina Sagaidak

The officers and soldier’s soldier did not suspect that several pairs of keen eyes were observed from the ambush: while on a bend, where the car was forced to slow down, well-aimed shots struck, and a grenade, thrown by the skillful hand of a young people's avenger, exploded under the bottom. As a trophy, the attackers got a portfolio belonging to the Major General of the engineering troops of the Wehrmacht Richard Virtsu, and in it-drawings and a description of the new samples of German mines, the inspection reports of the command and other important documents that were very useful to the partisans and the Soviet army leadership.

This award, the appropriation of the title of Hero of the Soviet Union-recognition of the true significance of the whole of the fortified detachment of the 4th Leningrad Partisan Brigade Leonid Golikov was awarded only 2 years, a year and a half after his feat on August 13. Alas, posthumously - he died on January 24 of the year as a result of the vile betrayal of one of the inhabitants of the village of Ostroy Luke of the Dedovichi district of the Pskov region, where the partisans stopped for the night after the next successful raid on the rear of the enemy.

Three of the tens of thousands of awarded orders and medals during the Great Patriotic War Pioneers-heroes from left to right: Nina Sagaidak, Sasha Kondratyev and Sasha Kolesnikov but in the incomplete 17 years of past years, the young hero managed to participate in 27 combat operations, in which 12 sheathered bridges and 2 railway, 2 were destroyed, 2 Food-freezing warehouses, 9 vehicles with ammunition, personally destroyed by him, according to various sources, were blown up from 78 to 80 almost the Nazis company.

For which he was still awarded the medal “For Courage” during his lifetime, the Order of the Battle Red Banner, and posthumously - also the medal “Partisan of the Patriotic War” of the II degree. Leonid Golikov was born on June 17. At the time of the beginning of the Great Patriotic War, he was just from five pioneers-the heroes of the Soviet Union only two-Valya Kotik and Marat Kasei-have not yet reached the line of 14 years at the time of their exploits, the age, which gives the right to enter the All-Union Leninist Communist Union of Youth.

However, there is hardly an avid formalist who would dare to deny the obvious fact that all this magnificent five fearless, as well as tens of thousands of other young heroes - sons of regiments, Jung on ships, partisans and underground, awarded their exploits during the Great Patriotic War with the orders and medals of the USSR - were pupils of the All -Union The pioneer organization, which in the battles celebrated the twentieth anniversary of its existence at that time.

Pioneer detachment. Photo of the year. Ten years later, these children will become the soldiers of the Red Army, many will show samples of courage and heroism, and if you look wider, almost all the soldiers of the Red Winter Army, starting from the draft ages of the year of birth and younger, were pioneers at their time. The question is logical: whether this is not the origins of the mass heroism of Soviet people at the front and in the rear, and as the private manifestation of this unicum is the pioneer of the heroes of heroes: the purely Soviet phenomenon, which did not have a repetition anywhere in the world either before or after.

They relate to the year when the retired English lieutenant General Robert Baden-Powell organized the first scout camp on the island of Braunxi near the English coast of the La-Channel. The Lord was inspired by the memoirs of the period of the Second Anglo-Broke War of the years, when he, being the commandant of the Magning fortress, made colonists, boys of years of age, a detachment of scouts who observed enemy positions, delivered mail and performed many other instructions.

Particularly distinguished were awarded combat awards. He called his educational system, associated with games and everyday life, he called “pioneer”, but quickly cooled to his brainchild due to the craving for solitude, hermitage. But his English colleague, having summarized the fruits of studying the classics of pedagogy and his own thoughts in the book “Scouting for Boys” “Scouting for boys”, where “Scout” - “Scout” took up its whole and universal popularization.

Given the considerable interest of girls in scouting, he instructed his sister Agnes to adapt this system for them. So the “scheme for girls-guides” “Gaids” arose North American Indians called tribes, which were distinguished by ingenuity and dexterity; “Hyde”, literally - “The person who goes ahead and finds the road,” in fact, this is the same pioneer. The first association of the Gaid girls, led by Agnes Powell, was established in the year.

Colonel Sir Robert Baden-Pawell on the right and the Guards Captain O. Formations of young intelligence officers appeared in Tsarskoye Selo and Moscow, the initiators of their creation were, respectively, the Guards Captain, the St. George Cavalier Oleg Ivanovich Pantyukhov and the headquarters of the Miner, the cavalier of many military orders Grigory Alekseevich Zakharchenko.

In addition to the “young intelligence officers”, the detachments of “young sailors”, “young sappers” and others were created.They recalled the Petrine tradition of creating the formations of “amusing” platoons, companies and even regiments, the first such unit was formed by the teacher Antioch Andreevich Lutskievich from the students of the city of Bakhmut of the Yekaterinoslav province.

The new power that arose as a result of the October Revolution of the year, unreasonably looked at the scouts, as the enemies of the regime: the chief of the movement was Tsesarevich Alexei Nikolaevich, on the sleeve of the scouts from his, the heir to the throne, the image was a circular inscription: "Vera in God, service to the motherland and the sovereign, helping his neighbor." And the call: “Be prepared,” but for what - it was interpreted in a completely different sense.

That is why it was extremely wary of the proposal of a party figure, teacher, writer, doctor who treated Lenin after the attempt by V. Bonch-Bruevich Velichkina, who was the first to propose to use scouting for communist purposes, “turning it into the right direction”, developing for the “Yuki” young communists the leadership of the Baden-Powell book, but impregnated with a new ideology.

In her book, published in the year, after the death of the author from the Spaniard, Vera Mikhailovna pointed to the “internal contradiction of scoutism”, where there is a “good ideal shape and very bad content”. A negative example, in her opinion, was America, where capital took into the service of the ideas of Baden-Pauel “creating a healthy spirit of philistinism in a healthy body”, as a result of which “the American turns into a civilized beast ..., infected on a student’s bench with a narrow nationalism and religious hypocrisy, being an excellent example of what can be made of a person, training him with the most.

The first steps of the conscious life in the direction of a profitable and necessary for the capitalist system. ” The remark is very accurate, ahead of time, for the same examples of the transformation of a person into a beast are now demonstrated by the Ukrainian teenage organization "Plast", training their pupils precisely in the spirit of rabid nationalism and religious hypocrisy.

The works of V. Bonch-Bruevich and N. Bonch-Bruevich, using all the acquisitions and conquest of progressive pedagogy of the West, school sanitation and science, will create the right system of education, which allows you to create a new generation, a healthy body and spirit, executed by courage and self-confirmation, equipped with productive labor skills. The banner of the creation of the children's communist organization that fell out of the deceased faith of Mikhailovna was picked up by the wife and ally of Lenin N.

Krupskaya, in her work “RKSM and Boyskoutism”, which gave a further justification of the need to create a single union of young communities. As a result, she, Nadezhda Konstantinovna, and other efforts, at the II All -Russian Conference of the RKSM on May 19, a resolution was adopted about the need to "develop a question about the children's movement and the application of the scouting system in it." However, only six months later, in October GO, the 5th All-Russian Congress of the RKSM decided to unite all amateur pioneering detachments, which began to appear everywhere, like mushrooms after rain, to the children's communist organization “Young Pioneers named after Spartak”.

Then the “Iron Law of Young Pioneers” were approved “I will always strive, wherever possible, to gain knowledge in order to use them to the benefit of workers have decided on the name. But he did not linger either. On the second day after the death of the leader of the world proletariat, the Spartakites were renamed the “Comrade Lenin’s Children's Communist Groups”, and the final name was crystallized in M, with which the pioneer went through its entire long and glorious path, up to dissolution at the XXII Extraordinary Congress of the Komsomol, which took place on September 28 of the year: the All -Union Pioneering Organization was right The French writer-communist Henri Barbus, who first visited our country in the year: children were the only privileged class in the USSR.

The pioneers received almost everything from the state, and in fact: everywhere - free summer camps even the famous Artek accepted its first shift on June 16, the houses of pioneers with many free interests of interests were opened on April 29 in the Khamovnichesky district of Moscow based on the Children's Club "Labor Commune", created even earlier.

And in the year the time of the palaces of pioneers came. Their flagship was Kharkov, who opened his doors on September 6. By the time of the destruction of the USSR, “houses” and “palaces” of pioneers, there were nearly 4 thousand - in addition to innumerable circles at enterprises, in collective farms and state farms, even at the housing facilities. The country of Pioneer had its time on the All -Union Radio: the morning began with a “pioneer dord”, and at a convenient time during the day there were numerous children's thematic programs.

Possessed her press. Her flagship, Pioneer Pravda, was one of the most replicated newspapers in the USSR, a little inferior to Pravda and Izvestia about 8 million copies at the end of x.For more thoughtful reading, the Pioneer magazine was published 1.86 million copies of the state for the year, where they revered for the honor to print, with a continuation, their new products the best children's writers of the country.

That's why our homeland was the most reading country in the world, for the craving for reading was laid from childhood. The writer Yuri Korolkov and two of the many reprints of his book about Lenon Golikov, not a single good pioneer business was left without attention and result. And the exploits of the heroes of heroes inspired writers to create a whole library of books. The series includes 11 only basic works.

In particular, the story of Lena Golikov wrote at the beginning of the X writer-Frontovik, Order-bearer Yu. But also our contemporary, writer E. Verkin, the image of a fearless pioneer as a feat to create the novel “Cloud Regiment”. And how much it was written about the pioneer-hero of essays and stories-this, perhaps, is impossible to count.