Euripida biography

Parents were on Salamin among other Athenians who fled from the army of the Persian king of Xerxes. The exact binding of the birthday of Euripides to the victory is a embellishment, which is often found in the stories of ancient authors about the great. So in court it is reported that the mother of Euripides conceived him at a time when Xerxes invaded Europe May, BC.

The inscription on Paros marble defines the year of birth of the playwright as BC. According to other evidence, the date of birth can be attributed to BC. Euripid's father was respected and apparently a rich man, Mother Clayito was engaged in the sale of vegetables. As a child, Euripides seriously engaged in gymnastics, even won the competition among the boys and wanted to get to the Olympic Games, but was rejected in his youth.

Then he was engaged in drawing, without much, however, success. Then he began to take lessons in oratory and literature at the scenes and anaxagoras and the lessons of philosophy in Socrates. Euripides gathered books in the library, and soon he began to write. The first play, Peliad, went on stage in the BC. The first prize for skill Euripides won to the city. The playwright’s social activity was manifested in the fact that he participated in the embassy in Syracuse in Sicily, apparently supporting the embassy’s goals by the authority of the writer recognized by all Ellada.

The family life of Euripides was unsuccessful. From the first wife, Chloirina, had 3 sons, but divorced her because of her marital infidelity, writing the play “Hippolytus”, where he ridiculed sexual relations. The second wife, Melitta, was no better than the first. Euripid earned the glory of the wife, which gave a reason to joke over him to the master of comediaristophanes.

In BC. It is not known for sure what influenced the decision of Euripides. Historians are inclined to think that the main reason was if not persecution, then the insult of a vulnerable creative person on fellow citizens for non -recognition of merits. The fact is that out of 92 plays 75, according to another source, only 4 were marked by prizes in theatrical competitions during the life of the author, and one play posthumous.

The popularity of the playwright is the story of Plutarchpro the terrible defeat of the Athenians in Sicily in the BC. Yes, there were those who, in addition to captivity, had to endure this. But even in such an extreme, self -esteem and the ability to keep themselves benefit them. The owners either released them to freedom or appreciated them. And some saved Euripides. The fact is that the Sicilians, probably, most of all the Greeks living outside the Attica, honored the talent of Euripides.

When the arrivals delivered small excerpts to them from his works, the Sicilians with pleasure pronounced them by heart and repeated to each other. They say that at that time many of the well -returned home ardently welcomed Euripides and told him how they received freedom, teaching the owner what remained in his memory, or how, wandering after the battle, they earned food and water by singing songs from his tragedies.

Aristotle in the work “Politics” reports a certain Decamnye, who was given to Eripid for scourging for the insult inflicted on that, and this Decam, in revenge, organized a conspiracy, as a result of which Archelai died. This happened later than the death of Euripid himself in BC. The death of such a wonderful personality gave rise to legends set forth in court: “Evripid graduated from life as a result of Arridia’s conspiracy from Macedonia and Kratye from Thessaly, poets, jealous of the glory of Euripides.

They bribed for 10 minutes of a courtier named Lisima so that he would let down the tsarist hounds from a leash on Euripides, which he watched. Others say that Euripides was torn not by the dogs, but by women, when he was in a hurry at night on a date with Crater, Archela's young lover. Still others claim that he was going to meet with Nicodel, the wife of Aref. About the love of an elderly writer for young men reports the Polutarch in “Quotes”.

The modern version is more mundane - the body of the summer Euripides simply could not stand the harsh winter in Macedonia. The Athenians asked permission to bury the playwright in his hometown, but Archelai wished to leave the grave of Euripides in his capital, Pella. Sophocle, learning about the death of the playwright, forced the actors to play a play with uncovered heads.

Athens put the statue of Euripides in the theater, giving him honors after death. Plutarch conveyed the legend: lightning struck the tomb of Euripides, a great sign, which only Lycurgus was awarded from famous people. Medea is the myth of the hero Yason, the waterflies of the Argonauts. He was the he was the King of the city of Iolka in Northern Greece, but the power in the city was seized by his senior relative, the power Pelius, and in order to return it, Jason had to accomplish a feat: with his friends-gods on the Argo ship to swim to the eastern region of the land and there, in the country of Colchis, to get the sacred golden rune protected by the dragon.

About this swimming then Apollonius Rhodes wrote the poem "Argonautics." The mighty king, the son of the Sun, ruled in Colchis; His daughter, the prince-wizard of Medea, fell in love with Jason, they swore to each other in fidelity, and she saved him.Firstly, she gave him witchcraft drugs that helped him first withstand the test feat-plow the arable land on fire-breathing bulls-and then put to sleep the guardian of the dragon.

Secondly, when they sailed from Colchis, Medea killed her brother from love for her husband and scattered pieces of his body along the shore; The Calhines chasing them lingered, baking it, and could not overtake the fugitives. Thirdly, when they returned to Iolk, Medea, in order to save Jason from the treachery of Pelia, invited the daughters of Pelia to slaughter their old father, promising to resurrect him young after that.

And they stabbed their father, but Medea abandoned their promise, and the took-seemers disappeared into exile. However, Yason failed to get the Iolkian kingdom: the people were indignant against a foreign sorceress, and Jason and Medea and two little sons fled to Corinth. The old Corinthian king, having looked closely, offered him his daughter and with her a kingdom, but, of course, so that he divorced the sorceress.

Jason accepted the proposal: maybe he himself was already starting to be afraid of Medea. He celebrated a new wedding, and the king sent the king to leave Corinth. In the solar chariot drawn by dragons, she fled to Athens, and told her children: “Tell your stepmother my wedding gift: a sewn cloak and a golden -haired head bandage.” The cloak and bandage were saturated with fiery poison: the flame covered the young princess, the old king, and the royal palace.

The children rushed to look for salvation in the temple, but the Corinthians were furious with stones. What happened to Jason, no one knew for sure. It was difficult for the Corinthians to live with the bad glory of the detailed and wicked. Therefore, the legend says, they begged the Athenian poet Euripides to show in the tragedy that they were not killed by the Yasonov children, but by Medea herself, their mother.

It was difficult to believe in such horror, but Euripides made me believe it. This says the old nurse Medea. Her lady just found out that Jason would marry the princess, but she still does not know that the king tells her to leave Corinth. The groans of Medea are heard behind the scene: she curses Jason, and herself, and children. The choir of Corinthian women in alarm: Medea’s worst trouble would not have been clicked!

The groans were silent, Medea goes to the choir, she says firmly and courageously. Oh miserable share of a woman! Give her out in a strange house, pay a dowry for her, buy her a owner; It hurts her to give birth, as in battle, and to leave is a shame.

You are local, you are not lonely, but I am alone. ” The old Corinthian king appears towards her: immediately, in front of everyone, let the witch go into exile! Give me at least a day: decide where to go. " The king gives her a day. Who is you? The choir sings a song about universal untruth: the oaths are trampled, the rivers flow back, men are more insidious than women!

Jason enters; The dispute begins. Where should I go? In Colchis - the ashes of his brother; in Iolka - the ashes of Pelia; Your friends are my enemies. Oh Zeus, why do we know how to recognize fake gold, but not a false person! For salvation, I am in the calculation: you are not in Wild Colchis, but in Greece, where they can sing fame and me and you. My new marriage is for the sake of children: born from you, they are incomplete, and in my new house they will be happy.

” The choir sings a song about evil love. Medea will do his job, but where to go later? Here the young Athenian king Aegeus appears: he went to the oracle to ask why he had no children, and the oracle answered incomprehensibly. She knows, Egei will have a son on the alien side - the hero of this side; He knows that this Theseus will drive her out of Athens; He knows that then Aegeus will die from this son - he will rush into the sea at the false news of his death; But he is silent.

Egei will have a son, but Jason will not have children - neither from his new wife, nor from her, Medea. The choir sings a song for the glory of Athens. Medea reminded of the past, enlisted the future - now her concern is the present. The first is about the husband. She calls Jason, asks for forgiveness - “Such are we women! The choir sings: “Something will be! They took the gifts and returned; Medea is the last time crying over them.

Lovely hands, cute lips, royal faces - will I really not spare you? Father stole your happiness, your father deprives you of your mother; I will regret you - my enemies will laugh; Do not happen to this! Pride in me is strong, and anger is stronger than me; Decided! The messenger runs up: “Save yourself, Medea: the princess and the king were killed from your poison! She promises, she puts on an outfit, she flaunts in front of the mirror; Suddenly, the paint runs off her face, foam appears on her lips, the flame covers the curls, burnt meat is compressed on the bones, poisoned blood oozes like a resin from the bark.

The old father screams to her body, the dead body wraps him on like ivy; He is trying to shake him, but he dead himself, and both, charred, lie, are dead. Now there is no way back; If Medea does not kill the children herself, others will be killed. Silence, memories: now I am not a mother to them, I will cry tomorrow. " Medea goes beyond the stage, the choir sings in horror: “The sun is a predicted and zegs!