Biography of Konstantin Grigoryevich Paustovsky

Behind the smoke and roar of the war, we saw a clear sky, the touching bends of our rivers, thickets of forests, a smoke of a fire, saw our whole past, native houses, beloved people ... 3, p. From a personal case upon admission to Kiev University, Konstantin Georgievich Paustovsky 19 of his father Georgy Maksimovich Paustovsky, a descendant of the Zaporizhzhya Cossacks, was a railway statist.

Mother Maria Grigoryevna, by origin of Polka, was the daughter of an employee at a sugar factory. Childhood and adolescence of the writer passed in Kyiv. He began to write poetry in the last grades of the gymnasium. He experienced his strength in prose, writing the story “On the Water”, which was printed in G. graduated in the city in the first months of the First World War, the future writer worked as a conductor and counselor of the Moscow tram, then a orderly on the rear and field of sanitary trains.

In the fall, G. Paustovsky moved to a field sanitary detachment, with which he made a long path of retreat from the city of Lublin Poland to Nesvizh Belarus. After his stay at the front, he wrote several essays in which he shared his impressions of the war. One of them was printed. He continued to write poetry. Then I sent a letter to I. Bunin with a selection of his poems without any hope for an answer.

The master received such letters dozens per day. But, surprisingly, the famous writer answered a completely unfamiliar young man: “I think your destiny, your real poetry is prose. It is here, if you manage to show enough perseverance, I am sure that you can achieve something significant ”22, p. Paustovsky accepted this as an order and did not write poetry anymore.

Paustovsky - military orderly, Odessa. After the front, K. Paustovsky began to lead a wandering life: he worked in factories in Yekaterinoslavl, Yuzovka, Taganrog, in the fishing artel on the Sea of ​​Azov. In Taganrog, in his free time he wrote his first story “Romance”, which was published only in the years. During the February and October Revolutions, he worked as a reporter in Moscow newspapers.

In the Civil War, he served in the Red Army in the guard regiment. The next five years, the writer moved from city to city: he was a journalist in Kyiv and Odessa; He lived in Batumi, Sukhumi, Tbilisi. The first book of K. Paustovsky, published in the press, was a collection of stories “Oncoming Ships” G. In the years the writer travels a lot around the country and writes a lot.

In the Autobiography “Briefly About Self”, he notes: “Almost every book is a trip. Or, or rather, every trip is a book ”25, p. In the summer of G. Paustovsky and which A. Gorky and R., after the publication of this story, Konstantin Georgievich, and since then, since then, according to him, “writing became my only all -consuming, sometimes excellent, beloved work” 25, p.

The story was repeatedly published in different languages ​​of the peoples of the USSR and abroad. The film “Kara-Bugaz” shot in the city for political reasons was not allowed. The writer expressed his impressions of K. Paustovsky’s trips in his stories: “Colchis” G. In the same years, the writer expressed his love for Leningrad in the Northern Tale, in the same years he writes a number of books about art people: “Isaac Levitan” G.

In the years, Konstantin Georgievich discovered the Meshchersky Territory. There, for the first time, I realized that the imagery and magic, according to Turgenev of the Russian language, are elusively connected with nature, muttering the springs, a cry of cranes, with fading sunsets, distant songs of girls in the meadows and pulling from afar with a haze from the fire ”25, p.

The nature of the middle band of Russia becomes the central theme and the leitmotif of the novel “Meshchora side” G. In the Meshchersky cycle, the writer found his niche in literature, showing himself a subtle landscape painter and penetrating lyrics. By the beginning of the Great Patriotic War, K. Paustovsky was a mature, a lot of a well -known man, a well -known writer, and gentleman of the Order of the Red Banner of Labor, unfortunately, very little is known in his place.

In the Autobiography “Briefly about myself”, the writer described this period of his life with one phrase: “During the Great Patriotic War, I was a military correspondent on the Southern Front and also traveled many places” 25, p. Paustovsky was summoned to the military enlistment office on the third day of the war and sent a correspondent for the telegraph agency of the Soviet Union TASS to the Southern Front, awarding the title of major.

From the road on June 29, Navashina: “Even after the fact that I saw the refugees, it is clear that fascism is something so terrible and cruel, which is not even a name. The carriage is stuffy. We know all the news, the radio works. It is very good in the forests, a lot of purple flowers, rosehip is still blooming - at times I can’t believe that war - only in all, even the most tiny villages of the windows are sealed in the same way as ours ...

”7, p. The Red Army retreats, conducting fierce battles. In a letter to his wife dated July 1, Paustovsky notes: “... After the war of the year, it seemed to me that I forgot the front life, but, obviously, the old experience affects - I am very easily and confident in the situation - very difficult, very calm and I have surely weighing” 7, p.The sorting point of the letter "T".

The editors of "Defender of the Motherland" - to me "7, p. For about two months, the writer stayed at the front “... almost all the time, not counting three to four days, on the line of fire. His essays, short sketches with the advanced, stories were printed in the central newspapers: Izvestia, Red Star, Komsomolskaya Pravda, as well as in the magazines: “light”, “shift”, etc.

Kruzhkov, an employee of the front -line newspaper “for the glory of the Motherland”, so describes the arrival of the writer to the editors in Odessa: “I saw Konstantin Georgievich In a military tunic, in boots, on his head, a capture of a cap flashed. For all that, he retained a completely civilian appearance ... He turned out to be older than all of us, he was already fifty years old at that time or so ”11, p.

Paustovsky in a letter dated June 30, Navashina writes: “I am the oldest here, and it is natural that it is harder for me than others. I am now at the editorial office of the military newspaper "For the Glory of the Motherland." I don’t send letters to TASS - there is no way to contact this. According to the memoirs of N. Kruzhkov: “His appearance in the team of the newspaper“ For the Glory of the Motherland ”somehow inconspicuous and at the same time perfectly increased the tone of the editorial life.

It was impossible to write badly or even medium: it was necessary to write well, as far as possible and possibilities, of course ... Even our then green youth - dashing, carefree political stakes, who disappeared in the front edge for weeks, and they involuntarily pulled themselves up: and when they returned to the editor, they sat down at the table and thoroughly wrote on long sheets of the newspaper “breakdown” to dictate to the machine guns “ The go "has become indecent" 11, p.

Konstantin Georgievich often went to advanced positions. Employees of the newspaper protected the famous writer. Before each departure to the front, the newspaper editor, regimental commissar Parsky severely warned the accompanying K. Paustovsky political instructor: “Look at me, make sure that something does not happen, do not narrow where it shouldn’t be” 11, p.

The newspaper “For the Glory of the Motherland” published on its pages only three essays by K. Paustovsky - “The story of the fighter Petrenko”, “Salevikov fighter” and “Volkov intelligence officer”, from whom “... smelled of powder smoke, they felt the harsh authenticity of the front -line life. Some accurate, surprisingly clearly seen details, the sharp vigor of the gaze and the incomparable charm of the tongue sharply distinguished them from the rest of the newspaper material.

Paustovsky and in these essays, written in haste, "with the heat of the heat", remained himself. His work was decorated with a newspaper and remained in the hearts of its readers ”11, p. K. Paustovsky and commanders, ordinary soldiers who appreciated his ability to find warm, soulful words about people in war and intelligent simplicity belonged with great respect. The first, most difficult and bitter, months of the war, an eyewitness and participant of which became Konstantin Georgievich, forever remained in his heart and in his works.

In the essay "Life", the Earth was dry, hot. Gray clouds stood in the sky. I could not get rid of the obsessive thought that these clouds were covered with thick dust rising from the ground, from the roads torn by the war ”3, p. With pride, the writer tells about the courage of the defenders of Odessa in the essay “South Palmyra”. Summer was rainy .... Odessa fought cruelly, unshakably, stubbornly, not wanting to give a single stone to the enemy, not a single scrap of her land.

All the pride of the people was embodied these days in the defenders of Odessa. In the forefront, in the most dangerous places where Odessa dust raised by bullets scored their eyes, mouth, ears, there were sailors, descendants of the Potemkin and Ochakovtsy, children of workers with perepis and Moldavians, sons of skipers from Kherson schooners, sons of fishermen from a large fountain, from dofinovka and Ovidyopol - a cheerful, independent courageous tribe of people, an independent, brave tribal.

brought up by the Black Sea ”3, p. In the last hours, they had the strength of the spirit to fiercely fighting off the Germans, to convey from the mouth to the mouth with the usual humor story that happened to the old steamer. The old ship was one of the last to leave the besieged Sevastopol. His team was sure that the steamer would be output from the first explosive wave - not like from a direct bomb hit.